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Lancaster Central School District

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Continuum of Special Education Programs

Individualized Education Programs and Services

Based on the recommendations outlined in a student’s Individualized Education Program (IEP), the District provides a range of educational programs designed to meet the unique needs of students with disabilities. The guiding philosophy for these services is to deliver them in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE).

The LRE ensures that students receive programs and services in the general education setting as much as possible, while still addressing their needs for specialized instruction or approaches. In essence, students with disabilities should only be placed in a special class or separate school when their disabilities are so severe that, even with supplementary aids and services, their educational needs cannot be adequately met in the general education setting. Additionally, services may be combined at various levels to better support students.

Consultant Teacher Services

Consultant Teacher (CT) services are generally the least restrictive option, as they occur in the regular classroom setting. These services can be provided:

  • Directly: A special education teacher offers individualized or group instruction directly to the student in the general education setting.
  • Indirectly: A special education teacher works with general education teachers to adjust the learning environment or modify teaching methods to support students with disabilities in their classes.

Resource Room

The Resource Room program offers supplementary instruction for students who need additional support in a small-group or individual setting.

  • A special education teacher provides this instruction in groups of five or fewer students.
  • The instruction complements the general education curriculum and is tailored to the student’s specific needs.

Special Class

Special classes are designed for students with disabilities grouped by similar needs.

  • These classes offer specialized instruction provided by a special education teacher to ensure access to the general education curriculum.
  • Typically, District special classes have 12 or fewer students, making this the most restrictive program setting.

Adapted Physical Education

Adapted Physical Education (APE) is a specialized program for students unable to safely or successfully participate in the regular physical education program.

  • This program includes tailored developmental activities, games, and sports aligned with the student’s abilities and limitations.
  • A certified physical education teacher delivers APE services.